What is Basal Cell Carcinoma?

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, often developing quietly over time and frequently going unnoticed in its early stages. Each year, nearly three million people are diagnosed with BCC. Though BCC grows slowly, it can cause significant damage if left untreated. That’s why expert evaluation and timely care are so important. 

At Pinnacle Dermatology, we specialize in the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma. With a commitment to personalized care and advanced dermatologic expertise, our team is here to help you navigate every step with confidence and clarity.

Symptoms of Basal Cell Carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer and often develops in areas of the body that are frequently exposed to the sun. Basal cell carcinoma on the face is particularly common. Other frequent sites include the neck, scalp, and arms. Early-stage basal cell carcinoma can be subtle and may resemble non-threatening skin conditions.

BCC typically presents as slow-growing lesions that rarely cause pain but may become problematic over time if untreated. These lesions may look like shiny, pearly bumps, open sores that don't heal, or flat, scar-like areas. It's essential to consult a dermatologist if you notice any persistent or changing spots on your skin.

Common signs and symptoms of BCC include:

• A pearly or waxy bump, often with visible blood vessels

• A flat, flesh-colored, or brown scar-like lesion

• An open sore that bleeds, oozes, or crusts and remains open for weeks

• A pink growth with a slightly raised, rolled border and a crusted indentation in the center

• A red patch that may itch or hurt

• Lesions developing on sun-exposed areas like the face, ears, neck, scalp, shoulders, and back

Causes of Basal Cell Carcinoma

The primary cause of BCC is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. Those over the age of 40 are also more susceptible to BCC. While anyone can develop it, certain risk factors increase the likelihood, including genetics and skin type.

Common causes of BCC include:

• Chronic sun exposure, especially as a child, without protection

• Use of tanning beds

• Fair skin, light eyes, and blond or red hair

• A history of severe sunburns, especially in childhood

• A family history of skin cancer

• Genetic conditions, such as basal cell nevus syndrome

• A weakened immune system due to illness or medication

Preventing Basal Cell Carcinoma

While basal cell cancer is most often caused by cumulative sun exposure, many cases can be prevented or caught early with the right habits. Practicing sun protection year-round and regular skin checks can help reduce risk. Understanding what BCC looks like, especially in the early stages, is critical for catching it before it becomes severe.

Common preventative measures include:

• Using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher daily, even on cloudy days

• Avoiding sun exposure during peak hours (10 AM - 4 PM)

• Wearing protective clothing, wide-brimmed hats, and UV-blocking sunglasses when outdoors

• Staying in the shade whenever possible, especially during midday

• Avoiding tanning beds, which significantly increase skin cancer risk

• Performing regular self-skin checks and being aware of BCC symptoms, such as shiny bumps, open sores, or scar-like patches

• Learning to recognize what basal cell carcinoma looks like using credible resources and basal cell carcinoma pictures of the early stages

• Scheduling annual total body skin examinations with a dermatologist for professional screening